The content of air pollution control is very rich, comprehensive and systematic, involving many aspects such as environmental planning and management, energy utilization, and pollution prevention. As the characteristics and conditions of air pollution in different regions (or cities) and the direction and focus of comprehensive air pollution prevention and control are different, it is difficult to find comprehensive prevention and control measures suitable for all situations. Therefore, it is necessary to put forward corresponding countermeasures according to local conditions. According to the above principles, general air pollution control measures can be roughly summarized in the following aspects.
Comprehensive planning, reasonable layout or adjustment of industrial structure
Industrial planning and layout should implement the policy of large decentralization and small concentration, conform to ecological requirements, comprehensively consider the impact of the "three benefits", and achieve the goals of high economic density, low energy consumption density and low pollutant emissions as much as possible. When constructing large-scale industrial and mining enterprises and industrial zones, the first step is to conduct a comprehensive survey of the natural and social environment of the proposed project, conduct environmental simulation tests and calculate the diffusion of pollutants, find out the environmental capacity of the area, and make a scientific environmental impact Evaluation report. In addition to demonstrating the environmental conditions for plant construction, it is also necessary to propose corresponding environmental protection measures and forecast the possible impact on the environment in the future. Regarding the unreasonable layout that causes serious pollution, it is necessary to adjust the industrial structure (including departmental structure, departmental structure, and capital structure) of the region (or city) according to various factors such as the economic and technological development level and resources of the region based on the national industrial policy. Industry structure, product structure, raw material structure, scale structure, etc.), pollution control or relocation of related enterprises.
Strict environmental management system
Use laws, administration, economy and science and technology to answer environmental management measures, and integrate social economic construction and environmental protection. Make environmental pollution under effective control. A complete environmental management system includes three parts: environmental legislative agency, environmental monitoring agency, and environmental protection management agency. Various environmental protection and prevention laws, as well as environmental protection regulations, regulations and standards, provide a legal basis for environmental management; environmental monitoring agencies and systems provide a large amount of information for the scientific management of the environment; environmental protection management agencies can supervise various environmental protection laws and regulations And effective implementation of regulations. In addition, the establishment of a comprehensive environmental and economic pricing system for individual treatment technologies of air pollutants, the optimization and selection of individual treatment technologies according to local conditions, and the control of new pollution sources are all effective environmental management measures.
Comprehensive utilization includes: comprehensive utilization, recycling, reuse, and resource utilization of resources entering the industrial production system. Can improve resource utilization. When formulating industrial air pollution waste gas treatment measures, the focus is not on the purification of air pollutants after they are produced. The focus should be on the development of production processes to eliminate (or reduce) pollution. my country consumes a huge amount of coal. Its comprehensive utilization, such as the use of recycling flue gas desulfurization, can not only prevent sulfur dioxide from polluting the atmosphere, but also recover useful sulfur products; i liquid slagging coal pulverized coal furnaces can be added to phosphate ore to make phosphate fertilizers, thereby Turn ash and slag into fertilizer; use coal ash to make bricks, cement and other building materials, and extract hollow microbeads and other useful products.
